The Players Handbook
The Bamstacks Variant
Chapter 4: personality and background
Inspiration
(page 125) Inspiration is a rule the game master can use to reward you for playing your character in a way that’s true to his or her personality traits, ideal, bond, and flaw. By using inspiration, you can draw on your personality trait of compassion for the downtrodden to give you an edge in negotiating with the Beggar Prince. Or inspiration can let you call on your bond to the defense of your home village to push past the effect of a spell that has been laid on you.
Gaining Inspiration
Your DM can choose to give you inspiration for a variety of reasons. Typically, DMs award it when you play out your personality traits, give in to the drawbacks presented by a flaw or bond, and otherwise portray your character in a compelling way. Your DM will tell you how you can earn inspiration in the game.
You can stockpile multiple Inspirations, but any unused Inspirations expire at the end of any given session.
Using Inspiration
When you gain inspiration, you are awarded a d12. You can roll the die and add the number rolled to one ability check, attack roll, or saving throw you make. You can wait until after you roll the d20 before deciding to use the Inspiration die, but you must decide before the DM says whether the roll succeeds or fails. Once the Inspiration die is rolled, it is lost.
The DM may also decide to allow inspiration to be used in alternative ways to power amazing moments or in specific ways relevant to classes/subclasses.
Chapter 5: Equipment
Martial Melee Weapons
| Weapon Name | Cost | Damage | Weight | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lance | 10 gp | 1d12 Piercing | 6 lb. | Two-Handed, Reach, Special |
| Bomb | 2 sp | 1d10 fire | 1 lb. | Finesse, special, thrown (range 30/60) |
| Brass Knuckles | 1 gp | 1d4 Bludgeoning | 1 lb. | Light, unarmed |
| Katar | 3 gp | 1d4 Piercing | 3 lb. | Light, unarmed |
| Knuckle Knives | 10 gp | 1d4 Slashing | 2 lb. | Light, unarmed |
Martial Ranged Weapons
| Weapon Name | Cost | Damage | Weight | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net | 1 gp | - | 3 lb. | Special, thrown (range 5/15) |
Lance. You have disadvantage when you use a lance to attack a target within 5 feet of you. Also, you may wield a lance in one hand when you are mounted.
Net. When making a ranged attack with a net within the weapon's short range, you do not have disadvantage.
Weapon Properties
Unarmed. When you make an unarmed attack you can choose to deal the damage of this weapon instead of your normal unarmed attack damage.
Bomb. Bombs are martial ranged weapons. When a bomb hits a target, it explodes in a 5-foot radius and is destroyed. The bomb can be thrown at an unoccupied space within its range. Each creature other than the target within the blast radius must succeed on a DC 11 Dexterity saving throw, taking half the damage rolled on a failed save or no damage on a successful one.
Additionally, as a bonus action, you can empty some of the bomb’s explosive material to permanently remove the blast radius from this bomb, dealing damage only to the bomb’s target.
Tool Properties
Astrologer's Tools. You can use astrologer's tools in the following ways:
Arcana. Your knowledge of the cosmos helps you answer questions about other planes.
Insight. You can use your astrologer's tools to create a natal chart for a creature in 10 minutes. This can help you understand them better.
Nature. You can accurately predict the weather for the next 24 hours when you study the night sky.
Equipment
| Name | Cost | Weight | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Embalmer's Tools | 10 gp | 4 lb | Embalmer’s tools include all the instruments, chemicals, and perfumes necessary to embalm the dead. Proficiency with this kit lets you add your proficiency bonus to any ability checks you make to embalm or preserve a body. |
| Astrologer's Tools | 30 gp | 5 lb | Astrologer's tools include a star chart, an astrolabe, a compass, calipers, a quill, ink, and parchment. |
Chapter 6: Customization Options
Multiclassing
Class Features
Extra Attack
If you have levels in more than once class or subclass that offers the Extra Attack class feature, the levels of these classes add together for the purposes of gaining this feature. The feature is always gained when your total level in all classes reaches the highest level that any class you gain levels in gains the feature. Extra Attack gained through multiclassing is always the simplest version of the feature, described below:
"You can attack twice, instead of once, whenever you take the Attack action on your turn."
Your levels from each class are not added together for the purposes of gaining additional extra attacks (as the fighter's version of Extra Attack provides), or special versions of Extra Attack, like that gained by Bladesinger Wizards, unless multiple classes gain the same special version of Extra Attack, in which case that special version of Extra Attack is gained when the combined levels in these classes reaches the highest level any of the classes gain that version of the feature.
The warlock's eldritch invocation Thirsting Blade doesn't give you additional attacks if you also have Extra Attack.
For example, a ranger 3/bladesinger 2 would not have extra attack, as bladesingers get Extra Attack at level 6. A ranger 3/bladesinger 3 would gain Extra Attack, the simplest version. To gain the bladesinger's special Extra Attack, you would have to wait until you achieved 6 levels in bladesinger.
Evasion
If you gain the Evasion class feature from more than one class, the levels of these classes add together. Whenever you multiclass two classes that provide the Evasion feature, you may add your levels in each of these classes together for the purposes of gaining this feature. You gain the feature at the same point as the class who would get it last would gain it. For example, a Rogue/Monk multiclass would get Evasion at level 7, regardless of how many levels in each class you have.
Class Proficiency Bonus
When you multiclass, you gain a new proficiency bonus value for each class you have levels in. This proficiency bonus value is determined by what your proficiency bonus would be if only taking your levels in that class into account. Features may refer to your class proficiency bonus, which will refer to this value, not your overall proficiency bonus. Your regular proficiency bonus remains unchanged if multiclassed.
A class proficiency bonus can be determined by taking your levels in the class and referring to the proficiency bonus column of the class table for that level.
For example, while an Artificer 5/Wizard 10 would have a +5 proficiency bonus, an Artificer class feature that refers to, for example, a feature that has a number of uses equal to your artificer proficiency bonus, would have 3 uses.
Chapter 7: Using Ability Scores
Advantage and Disadvantage
The following text replaces the 2nd paragraph of this section of the Player's Handbook
If multiple situations affect a roll and each one grants advantage or imposes disadvantage on it, you don't roll more than one additional d20. If two favorable situations grant advantage, for example, you still roll only one additional d20. However, having more than one source of advantage or disadvantage grants additional benefits/penalties, as listed in the tables below. Consult the Attack Rolls table if making an attack roll, and consult the Saving Throws and Ability Checks table is making one of those checks. If the total amount of stacked advantage or disadvantage exceeds the maximum value listed on the table, the result will be as if they had the listed maximum amount of advantage/disadvantage.
Attack Rolls
| Adv Count | Effect |
|---|---|
| 1 | Best of two rolls |
| 2 | Best of two rolls with +2 to hit, +1 Critical range |
| 3 | Best of two rolls with +5 to hit, +2 Critical range |
| 4 | Automatic Hit. Make an attack roll, +4 Critical range. |
| 5 | Automatic Critical |
| Adv Count | Effect |
|---|---|
| -1 | Worst of two rolls |
| -2 | Worst of two rolls with -2 to hit |
| -3 | Worst of two rolls with -5 to hit |
| -4 | Automatic Miss |
Saving Throws and Ability Checks
| Adv Count | Effect |
|---|---|
| 1 | Best of two rolls |
| 2 | Best of two rolls, +2 to roll |
| 3 | Best of two rolls, +5 to roll |
| 4 | Automatic Success |
| Adv Count | Effect |
|---|---|
| -1 | Worst of two rolls |
| -2 | Worst of two rolls, -2 to roll |
| -3 | Worst of two rolls, -5 to roll |
| -4 | Automatic Failure |
Chapter 8: Adventuring
Movement
Special Types of Movement
Jumping
Your Strength determines how far you can jump.
Long Jump. When you make a long jump, you cover a number of feet up to your Strength score if you move at least 10 feet on foot immediately before the jump. When you make a standing long jump, you can leap only half that distance. Either way, each foot you clear on the jump costs a foot of movement.
This rule assumes that the height of your jump doesn't matter, such as a jump across a stream or chasm. At your DM's option, you must succeed on a DC 10 Strength (Athletics) check to clear a low obstacle (no taller than a quarter of the jump's distance), such as a hedge or low wall. Otherwise. you hit it.
When you land in difficult terrain. you must succeed on a DC 10 Dexterity (Acrobatics) check to land on your feet. Otherwise, you land prone.
High Jump. When you make a high jump, you leap into the air a number of feet equal to 3 + your Strength modifier if you move at least 10 feet on foot immediately before the jump. When you make a standing high jump, you can jump only half that distance. Either way, each foot you clear upwards on the jump costs a foot of movement. When you make a jump, you can choose to make an Athletics check to extend yourself, after which you take the result of the roll, divide it by 5 rounded down, and add the result to the height you clear. If you roll a 1 on this check, you strain your muscles too much, add no distance to your jump, and suffer disadvantage on Athletics checks for 1 minute.
As part of the high jump, you can move horizontally 1 foot for every 2 feet you jump vertically.
You can extend your arms half your height above yourself during the jump. Thus, you can reach above you a distance equal to the height of the jump plus 1.5 times your height.
If you drop more than the height of your initial upwards jump, you fall, otherwise you land on your feet.
Resting
Short Rest
A Short Rest is a period of downtime, at least 10 minutes long, during which a character does nothing more strenuous than eating, drinking, reading, and tending to wounds.
A character can spend one or more Hit Dice at the end of a short rest, up to the character’s maximum number of Hit Dice, which is equal to the character’s level. For each Hit Die spent in this way, the player rolls the die and adds the character’s Constitution modifier to it. The character regains hit points equal to the total (minimum of 0). The player can decide to spend an additional Hit Die after each roll. A character regains their Hit Dice upon finishing a Long Rest, as explained below.
You may take up to two Short Rests before you can’t benefit from one again until you finish a Long Rest.
Long Rest
A Long Rest is a period of extended downtime, at least 8 hours long, during which a character sleeps for at least 6 hours and performs no more than 2 hours of light activity, such as reading, talking, eating, or standing watch. If the rest is interrupted by a period of strenuous activity — at least 1 hour of walking, fighting, casting spells, or similar adventuring activity — the characters must begin the rest again to gain any benefit from it.
At the end of a Long Rest, a character regains all lost hit points and loses one level of Exhaustion if they have any. Depending on the quality of accommodations, the character may regain different amounts of their hit dice. If the character sleeps in a safe environment in a bed, they regain all hit dice. If in an unsafe environment and under the stress of taking watch, they will regain only half of their maximum hit dice.
A character can't benefit from more than one Long Rest in a 24-hour period, and a character must have at least 1 hit point at the start of the rest to gain its benefits.
Chapter 9: Combat
Bonus Actions
Various class features, spells, and other abilities let you take an additional action on your turn called a Bonus Action. The Cunning Action feature, for example, allows a rogue to take a Bonus Action. You can take a Bonus Action only when a special ability, spell, or other feature of the game states that you can do something as a Bonus Action. You otherwise don't have a Bonus Action to take.
If you wish to take two Bonus Actions on your turn instead of an Action and a Bonus Action, you may do so, provided that the two Bonus Actions are not the same. For example, a Cleric may not make two swings with a Spiritual Weapon spell, but they could choose to use their Harness Divine Power and also take a swing with their Spiritual Weapon.
You choose when to take a Bonus Action during your turn, unless the Bonus Action's timing is specified, and anything that deprives you of your ability to take Actions also prevents you from taking a Bonus Action.
Dropping to 0 hit points
(page 197) When you drop to 0 hit points, you either die outright or fall Unconscious, as explained in the following sections.
Falling Unconscious
lf damage reduces you to 0 hit points and fails to kill you, you fall Unconscious and gain 1 level of Exhaustion.
The Unconscious condition ends if you regain any hit points.
Mounted Combat
Mounting and dismounting
(page 198) Once during your move, you can mount a creature that is within 5 feet of you or dismount. Doing so costs 15 feet of movement. Therefore, you can’t mount it if you don’t have 15 feet of movement left or if your speed is 0.
While mounted, you occupy the center-most space in the creature's space. if the center of the creature's space is an intersection, you occupy all spaces which touch that intersection. If mounting a creature would require you to move more than 5 feet, you must provide any movement necessary.
If an effect moves your mount against its will while you’re on it, you must succeed on a DC 10 Dexterity saving throw or fall off the mount, landing Prone in a space within 5 feet of it. If you’re knocked Prone while mounted, you must make the same saving throw.
If your mount is knocked Prone, you can use your Reaction to dismount it as it falls and land on your feet. Otherwise, you are dismounted and fall Prone in a space within 5 feet of it.
Actions in Combat
Defend
When you take the Defend Action, you attempt to protect a creature within 5 feet of you from harm. That creature gains half cover, and all attacks against the target have Disadvantage, and all attacks against you have Advantage, all until the start of your next turn.
Help
You can lend your aid to another creature in the completion of a task. When you take the Help action, the creature you aid gains advantage on the next ability check it makes to perform the task you are helping with, provided that it makes the check before the start of your next turn. In order to help a creature, you must be at least proficient with the skill the helped creature is attempting. If you have Expertise, you can give the helped creature two levels of advantage.
Delay
If you take the Delay Action, you choose to delay your initiative until an initiative count of your choice, which you must specify when you take this Action. To take this Action, you must not have moved or taken any Action or Bonus Action on this turn. If you take this Action, your Reaction and any other ability that would refresh at the start of your turn do not refresh until the start of your delayed turn. Your initiative will stay at this initiative count for the rest of the combat until you take the Delay Action again. If you tie in initiative with a creature, you can choose where you want to be relative to the tied creatures.
For example, let’s say you’re a Fighter who is going first in the initiative order at initiative count 19, but you want to wait for the Druid, who is at Initiative count 12, to try and restrain your enemies first. You could take the Delay Action and delay your initiative count to 12, choosing to lose the tie so you can go immediately after the Druid. Your initiative would stay at that number after the Druid for the rest of the combat encounter unless you take this Action again.
Magic
When you take the Magic Action, you magic something by casting a spell that has a casting time of 1 Action or by using a feature or Magic Item that requires a Magic Action to be activated.
If you cast a spell that has a casting time of 1 minute or longer, you must take the Magic Action on each turn of that casting, and you must maintain Concentration while you do so. If your Concentration is broken, the spell fails, but you don’t expend a Spell Slot.
Taunt
When you take the Taunt Action, you attempt to direct hostile attention to yourself and away from others. Target a creature within 30 feet of you, who must make a Wisdom saving throw against a DC of 8 + your proficiency bonus + your Charisma modifier. On a failure, the target has Disadvantage to attack any target other than you until the start of your next turn.
Free object interaction
You can use your object interaction to unsheathe or sheathe two weapons, as long as both of your hands are available to do so.
Making an Attack
Two-Weapon Fighting
When you take the Attack action and attack with a light melee weapon that you're holding in one hand, you can attack with a different light melee weapon that you're holding in the other hand as part of the same action.
You don't add your ability modifier to the damage of the second light weapon, unless that modifier is negative.
If either weapon has the thrown property, you can throw the weapon, instead of making a melee attack with it.
Grappling
When you want to grab a creature or wrestle with it, you can use the Attack Action to make a special melee attack, a grapple. If you're able to make multiple attacks with the Attack Action, this attack replaces one of them.
The target of your grapple must be no more than one size larger than you, and it must be within your reach. Using at least one free hand, you try to seize the target by making a grapple check, a Strength (Athletics) check contested by the target's Strength (Athletics) or Dexterity (Acrobatics) check (the target chooses the ability to use). If you succeed, you subject the target to the Grappled condition. The condition specifies the things that end it, and you can release the target whenever you like (no action required).
Escaping a Grapple. A Grappled creature can use its Action to escape. To do so, it must succeed on a Strength (Athletics) or Dexterity (Acrobatics) check against a DC equal to 8 + your proficiency bonus + your Strength modifier.
Moving a Grappled Creature. When you move, you can drag or carry the Grappled creature with you, keeping it in the same relative position to you, but your speed is halved, unless the creature is two or more sizes smaller than you, in which case your speed is not halved. You can also rotate the creature around you without moving yourself, expending 5 feet of movement for every 5 feet of movement you move it around you.
Throwing a Creature
If you are Grappling a creature, you can choose to throw the Grappled creature provided the creature is at least one size smaller than you. If you're able to make multiple attacks with the Attack Action, this throw replaces one of them. When you do so, you can target a location, creature, or object within a radius of your Strength score, rounded down to the nearest 5 feet (a creature with a Strength score of 16 could throw a creature to a point up to 15 feet away from them). For each size bigger than the target that you are, the radius within which you can throw the creature is doubled. If the thrown creature targets a creature or object, both the creature and the target take damage equal to a die determined by the size of the thrown creature plus your Strength modifier.
| Size | Damage |
|---|---|
| Tiny | 1 |
| Small | 1d4 |
| Medium | 1d8 |
| Large | 2d8 |
| Huge | 3d8 |
| Gargantuan | 4d8 |
The thrown creature can use their Reaction to make a DC 15 Dexterity saving throw to attempt to gain control of their momentum. If they succeed the saving throw, they can instead land Prone in an unoccupied space within 5 feet of the target point.
Damage and Healing
Critical Hits
When you score a critical hit, you deal additional damage against the target, in addition to the attack's normal damage. The additional damage is equal to the maximum roll of all of of the attack's damage dice.
For example, if you score a critical hit with a dagger, roll 1d4 for the damage die for the dagger, and then add 4, the maximum result of a d4, and then add your relevant ability modifier. If the attack involves other damage dice, such as from the rogue's Sneak Attack feature, you add the maximum result of those dice as well.
Critical Range
By default, any attack roll lands a critical hit on a d20 result of 20. You therefore have a critical range of 1, as there is 1 result on the d20 which results in a critical hit. If a feature says that your critical range is increased, you therefore land a critical hit on one more result on the d20, descending downwards from 20.
For example, with a critical range of 2, you would land a critical hit on a 19 or 20 on the d20. With a critical range of 4, it would be a result of 17-20. Consult the following table for an easy reference guide:
| Critical Range | d20 Result Criticals |
|---|---|
| 1 | 20 |
| 2 | 19-20 |
| 3 | 18-20 |
| 4 | 17-20 |
| 5 | 16-20 |
The Order of Combat
The rules for surprise, hiding, and obscurement are confusing and spread across several chapters of the PHB, as well as across several feats and races. Rules for how these all work, and how they will work at my tables, have been clarified and brought together here.
Combat Step by Step
1. Determine Surprise. The DM determines whether anyone involved in the combat encounter is surprised.
2. Establish Positions. The DM decides where all the characters and monsters are located. Given the adventurers' marching order and their stated positions in the room or other location, the DM figures out where the adversaries are-how far away and in what direction.
3. Roll initiative. Everyone involved in the combat encounter rolls initiative, determining the order of combatants' turns.
4. Take turns. Each participant in the battle takes a turn in initiative order.
5. Begin the next round. When everyone involved in the combat has had a turn, the round ends. Repeat step 4 until the fighting stops.
Surprise
A band of adventurers sneaks up on a bandit camp, springing from the trees to attack them. A gelatinous cube glides down a dungeon passage, unnoticed by the adventurers until the cube engulfs one of them. In these situations, one side of the battle gains surprise over the other.
When combat starts, surprise is the first thing that needs to be resolved. If all creatures on one side attempt to be stealthy, surprise might occur, otherwise surprise does not occur. If a creature tries to be stealthy, it must be hiding or try to hide. See the hiding rules for the conditions required to hide. If all creatures on one side are hiding and have higher Dexterity (Stealth) checks than a creature on the opposing side's passive Wisdom (Perception) score, that creature on the opposing side does not notice the threat and is surprised.
If you're surprised, you can't move or take an action on your first turn of the combat, and you can't take reactions until that turn ends. A member of a group can be surprised even if the other members aren't.
Hiding
Taken and modified from Chapter 7's Hiding Rules
When you try to hide, make a Dexterity (Stealth) check. Until you are discovered or stop hiding, that check's total is contested by the Wisdom (Perception) check of any creature that actively searches for signs of your presence, or by the passive perception if the creatures are not actively searching.
In order to hide, you must be heavily obscured. If a creature can see you clearly, you can't hide from them, and you give away your position if you make noise, such as shouting a warning or knocking over a vase. An invisible creature can always try to hide. Signs of its passage may still be noticed, and it does have to stay quiet.
In combat, most creatures stay alert for signs of danger all around, so if you come out of hiding and approach a creature, it usually sees you, except if the creature is otherwise distracted, allowing you to gain advantage on the attack roll before you are seen.
Obscurement
Taken and modified from Chapter 8
A given area might be lightly or heavily obscured. In a lightly obscured area, such as dim light, patchy fog, or moderate foliage, creatures have disadvantage on Wisdom (Perception) checks that rely on sight.
A heavily obscured area -- such as darkness, opaque fog, or dense foliage -- blocks vision entirely. A creature effectively suffers from the Blinded condition when trying to see something in that area.
The presence or absence of light in an environment creates three categories of illumination: bright light, dim light, or darkness.
Chater 10: Spellcasting
Casting a Spell
Casting Time
Bonus Action
A spell cast with a Bonus Action is especially swift. You can use a Bonus Action or the Magic Action on your turn to cast the spell, provided that you haven't already taken a Bonus Action this turn.
Components
(page 203)
A spell's components are the physical requirements you must meet in order to cast it. Each spell's description indicates whether it requires verbal (V), somatic (S), or material (M) components. If you can't provide one or more of a spell's components, you are unable to cast the spell.
verbal (v)
Most spells require the chanting of mystic words. The words themselves aren't the source of the spell's power; rather, the particular combination of sounds, with specific pitch and resonance, sets the threads of magic in motion. Thus, a character who is gagged or in an area of silence, such as one created by the Silence spell, can't cast a spell with a verbal component.
Somatic (S)
Spellcasting gestures might include a forceful gesticulation or an intricate set of gestures. If a spell requires a somatic component, the caster must have free use of at least one hand to perform these gestures. A caster may perform a somatic component for a spell if they are holding an applicable spellcasting focus for the class or subclass that provided the spell.
material (m)
Casting some spells requires particular objects, specified in parentheses in the component entry. A character can use a component pouch or a spellcasting focus (found in chapter 5) in place of the components specified for a spell. But if a cost is indicated for a component, a character must have that specific component before they can cast the spell.
If a spell states that a material component is consumed by the spell, the caster must provide this component for each casting of the spell.
A spellcaster must have a hand free to access or hold these components, but it can be the same hand that he or she uses to perform somatic components.
Duration
A spell's duration is the length of time the spell persists. A duration can be expressed in rounds, minutes, hours, or even years. Some spells specify that their effects last until the spells are dispelled or destroyed.
Instantaneous
Many spells are instantaneous. The spell harms, heals, creates, or alters a creature or an object in a way that can't be dispelled, because its magic exists only for an instant.
Concentration
Some spells require you to maintain the Concentrating condition in order to keep their magic active. Refer to the Condition entry.
Identifying Spells and their Effects
These rule changes replace the guidance found in Xanathar's Guide to Everything, page 85
Identifying spells and their effects can be difficult, especially if one only has a precious 6 seconds to see a spell being cast and identify it. A creature must use their reaction, which can be part of the same reaction they would use to cast counterspell or another similar spell, effect, or feature, to try to identify a spell. If a creature is trying to identify a spell as it is being cast, the DC equals 15 + twice the spell's level (Cantrips count as 0th level spells).
If the creature knows the spell, has it prepared, or has it in their spellbook, the DC to identify the spell is reduced by 5.
If a creature is trying to identify a spell or its effect not in the flurry of combat, the DC is instead 10 + twice the spell's level.
You learn certain information about the spell depending on how close you get to the required DC to identify it, described below:
| Amount below DC | Information Known |
|---|---|
| 2 | Spell Level, Spell School, Spell Duration, Range |
| 5 | Spell School, Spell Duration, Range |
| 8 | Spell School |
Conditions
Bleeding (X)
- A Bleeding (X) creature takes X Necrotic damage at the start of each of its turns. For example, if a creature suffering from Bleeding (2) starts its turn, it takes 2 Necrotic damage before it can take any actions.
- The condition ends if the creature regains any hit points, another creature uses an Action to succeed on a DC 10 + X Wisdom (Medicine) check, or if a creature uses a Healer’s Kit (no check required).
Blinded
- A Blinded creature can't see and automatically fails any ability check that requires sight.
- Attack rolls against the creature by creatures who can see the Blinded creature have Advantage, and the creature's attack rolls have Disadvantage, regardless of other sources of Advantage or Disadvantage.
Bloodied
- A creature is Bloodied when it has hit points equal to or less than half of its hit point maximum.
Concentrating
- A creature gains the Concentrating condition when it uses an effect that requires it. For example, many spells, such as Sleep, require Concentration, and end if the condition ends. The effect that requires the condition specifies the duration you can hold Concentration for.
- You can end this condition at any time, no action required. However, the effect that requires it will also immediately end.
- You can only Concentrate on one effect at a time. If two effects require Concentration at the same time, you must choose one of the effects and immediately end your Concentration on it.
- Whenever a Concentrating creature takes damage, the creature must make a Constitution saving throw to maintain the condition. The DC equals 10 or half the damage, whichever is higher. If you take damage from multiple sources, such as an arrow and a dragon’s breath, you make a separate saving throw for each source of damage.
- The DM might also decide that certain environmental phenomena, such as a wave crashing over you while you're on a storm-tossed ship, require you to succeed on a DC 10 Constitution saving throw to maintain the condition.
- The condition ends if you have the Incapacitated condition or if you die.
Deafened
- A Deafened creature can’t hear, and automatically fails any ability check that requires hearing.
- A Deafened creature is disoriented and has Disadvantage on any attack rolls or ability checks it makes not on its turn.
Exhaustion (X)
- This condition is measured in levels. An effect can give a creature one or more levels of exhaustion, as specified in the effect’s description. Exhaustion levels will stack on top of one another, increasing the level accordingly. The level of exhaustion of a creature is labeled as Exhaustion (level). For example, a creature with two levels of exhaustion has Exhaustion (2).
- The creature will suffer a penalty to all ability checks, attack rolls, and saving throws equal to the level of Exhaustion.
- The creature will have its Exhaustion level reduced by one when it finishes a Long Rest.
- The creature dies if it gains Exhaustion (6).
Frightened
- A Frightened creature has Disadvantage on ability checks and attack rolls while the source of its fear is within line of sight.
- The creature can't knowingly move closer to the source of its fear.
Grappled
- A grappled creature’s speed becomes 0, and it can’t benefit from any bonus to its speed.
- The condition ends if the grappler has the Incapacitated condition.
- The grappled creature can use an Action to make a Strength (Athletics) or Dexterity (Acrobatics) check against the grappler's escape DC, ending the condition on itself on a success.
- The condition also ends if an effect removes the Grappled creature from the reach of the grappler or grappling effect, such as when a creature is hurled away by the Thunderwave spell.
Invisible
- An Invisible creature is impossible to see without the aid of magic or a special sense. For the purpose of hiding, the creature is heavily obscured. The creature's location can be detected by any noise it makes or any tracks it leaves.
- Attack rolls against the creature by creatures who can't see it have Disadvantage, and the creature's attack rolls against creatures it can see but who can't see them have Advantage.
Slowed
- A Slowed creature has its speed halved, takes a -2 penalty to AC and Dexterity saving throws, and can’t take Reactions.
- On its turn, the creature can’t make more than one melee or ranged attack during its turn.
- If the creature attempts to take the Magic Action with a casting time of 1 Action, roll a d20. On an 11 or higher, the spell doesn’t take effect until the creature’s next turn, and the creature must use a Magic Action on that turn to complete the spell. If it can’t, the spell is wasted.
Assorted Rulings
These are a collection of specific rulings where I disagree with the designers on their rulings on the issue, so I have specified how I rule them below.
Life Cleric and Goodberry
The Life Cleric's Disciple of Life feature does not work with the goodberry spell at my tables. It will work with healing spirit and other spells like it.
The difference being, does the spell or its effects directly heal? Or do they create objects which heal if they are eaten? If the former, then Disciple of Life applies; if not, it doesn't.
Alchemist's Fire
Crawford has said that it deals 1d4+ability modifier damage on a hit, and also on subsequent rounds. This is very strange. If you want to use Alchemist's Fire, it will deal the 1d4+ability modifier damage for an improvised weapon on a hit, and the 1d4 fire damage on each of its turns.
Twinned Spell & Dragon's Breath
Crawford has ruled that twinned spell can't apply to Dragon's Breath because the breath can target multiple enemies. This is bad in my opinion because the spell itself only has one target, and that's the only thing twinned spell should care about. So you will be able to twin Dragon's Breath and similar spells at my table.