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# Hit Points and Damage

### Object Resilience
| Substance           | AC | DR |
|:-------------------:|:--:|:---|
| Cloth, paper, rope  | 11 | -- |
| Crystal, glass, ice | 13 | -- |
| Wood, bone          | 15 | -- |
| Stone               | 17 |  5 |
| Iron, steel         | 19 | 10 |
| Mithral             | 21 | 15 |
| Adamantine          | 23 | 25 |
| Gromril             | 25 | 30 |

### Improvising Damage
| Dice  | Examples                                                                            |
|:-----:|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
| 1d10  | Heavy blow, burned by coals, hit by falling bookcase, pricked by poison needle      |
| 2d10  | Struck by lightning, stumbled into fire pit                                         |
| 4d10  | Hit by cave-in falling rubble, dropped in vat of acid                               |
| 10d10 | Submerged in lava, struck by crashing flying fortress                               |
| 24d10 | Tumbling in Elemental Plane of Fire vortex, crushed in jaws of a moon-sized monster |

### Object Hit Points
| Size    | Fragile   | Sturdy      | 
|:-------:|----------:|------------:|
| Tiny    |  2 (1d4)  |   5 (2d4)   |
| Small   |  3 (1d6)  |  10 (3d6)   |
| Medium  |  4 (1d8)  |  18 (4d8)   |
| Large   |  5 (1d10) |  27 (5d10)  |
| 5'Cube  | 22 (2d20) | 110 (10d20) |

### Damage Severity
| Level | Setback | Dangerous | Deadly |
|:---------------:|--------:|:---------:|-------:|
| 1st-4th         |  1d10   |  2d10     |  4d10  |
| 5th-10th        |  2d10   |  4d10     | 10d10  |
| 11th-16th       |  4d10   | 10d10     | 18d10  |
| 17th-20th       | 10d10   | 18d10     | 24d10  |

### System Shock (DC 15)
| d10  | Effect                            |
|:----:|:---------------------------------:|
| 1   | Drop to 0 hp                      |
| 2-3 | Drop to 0 hp, but stable          |
| 4-5 | Stunned until end of its turn     |
| 6-7 | No react's, disadv. atks/chcks |
| 8-10  | No reactions                      |

</div>

\columnbreak

## Grouping Effects

### Gridless Area Effects
| Area           | Number of Targets Hit       |
|:---------------|----------------------------:|
| Cone           | Size   ÷ 10 (round up) |
| Cube, Square   | Size   ÷  5 (round up) |
| Cylinder       | Radius ÷  5 (round up) |
| Line           | Line   ÷ 30 (round up) |
| Sphere, Circle | Radius ÷  5 (round up) |

<br>

### Rolling en Masse

| d20 roll needed | Success Rate      |
|:---------------:|:-----------------:|
|  1-5            | 1 in 1            | 
|  6-12           | 1 in 2            | 
| 13-14           | 1 in 3            | 
| 15-16           | 1 in 4            |  
| 17-18           | 1 in 5            | 
|  19             | 1 in 10           | 
|  20             | 1 in 20           |

</div>

# Setting General DCs

| Modifier | Evenodds | Limit | Description | Reference |
|:---:|:---:|:---|:---:|:--:|
| +0 | 10 | 20 | Commoner | Commoner |
| +3 | 13 | 23 | Apprentice | Acolyte, Cultist, Guard, Thug 
| +5 | 15 | 25 | Adept  | Noble, Priest, Scout, Veteran, Bard 
| +7 | 17 | 27 | Master | Assassin, Champion, Master Thief |
| +11 | 21 | 31 | Hero | Archmage, Favored Consort, Warlord 
| +14 | 24 | 34 | Superhuman | Dragons, Empyrean, Archfiends
| +20 | 30 | 40 | Superhero | Player shenanigans

</div>

\pagebreak

### Light Sources
| Source           | Bright | Dim | Duration   |
|:-----------------|:------:|:----|:-----------|
| Dancing Lights   |  0 ft. | +10 | 1 minute   |
| Candle           |  5 ft. |  +5 | 1 hour     |
| Sun/Moon Item    | 15 ft. | +15 | Indefinite |
| Lamp             | 15 ft. | +30 | 6 hours    |
| Torch, Light     | 20 ft. | +20 | 1 hour     |
| Sunbeam spell    | 30 ft. | +30 | 1 minute   |
| Hooded Lantern   | 30 ft. | +30 | 6 hours    |
| Bullseye Lantern | 60 ft. | +60 | 6 hours    |
| Daylight spell   | 60 ft. | +60 | 1 hour     |

### Audible Distance
| Noise     | Dice (ft.) | Range (ft.) |
|:---------:|:-----------|-------------|
| Quiet     | 2d6 x 5    | 10-30
| Normal    | 2d6 x 10   | 20-60
| Loud      | 2d6 x 50   | 100-300
| Explosive | 2d6 x 100  | 200-600

### Encounter Distance
| Terrain             | Distance (x10 ft.) |
|:-------------------:|:------------------:|
| Open                | 6d6
| Forested            | 2d8
| Hills, Wasteland    | 2d10
| Jungle              | 2d6
| Mountain            | 4d10
| Underdark           | 1d20

### Visible Distance
| Visibility          | Max Distance |
|:-------------------:|:------------:|
| Clear               | 2 miles
| Rain                | 1 mile
| Fog                 | 300 ft.
| Height mod          | x 20
| Clear water, bright | 60 ft
| Clear water, dim    | 30 ft
| Murky water         | 10 ft

</div>

\columnbreak

# Encounters (4d6 - 4)
| Highs | Lows | Encounter |
|:---------:|:--------------------:|:--:|
| 1-2   | 23-24 | Deadly adversary |
| 3-4   | 21-22 | Lost |
| 5-6   | 19-20 | Weather/hazard |
| 7-8   | 17-18 | Adversary |
| 9-10  | 15-16 | Scenery |
| 11-12 | 12-14 | Difficult terrain |

| Highs | Lows | Encounter |
|:---------:|:--------------------:|:--:|
| 13-14 | 11-12 | Local fauna |
| 15-16 | 9-10  | Friendlies |
| 17-18 | 7-8   | Minor Discovery |
| 19-20 | 5-6   | Weird Things |
| 21-22 | 3-4   | Major Discovery |
| 23-24 | 1-2   | The gods favor you |

</div>

### Major Discoveries
| d10 | Discovery                                             |
|:---:|:------------------------------------------------------|
|  1  | Lost city of a legendary race                         |
|  2  | Creature mutation                                     |
|  3  | Invention/technology/magic (Helpful, Destructive)     |
|  4  | Deity or planar entity                                |
|  5  | Artifact or religious relic                           |
|  6  | New land (island, continent, lost world, demiplane)   |
|  7  | People (race, tribe, civilization)                    |
|  8  | Plant (miracle herb, fungal parasite, sapient plant)  |
|  9  | Resource or wealth (gems, precious or magical metals) |
| 10  | Otherworldly object (planar portal, alien technology) |

### Minor Discoveries
| d12 | Discovery          |
|:---:|:-------------------|
|  1  | Artwork            |
|  2  | Body               |
|  3  | Food or drink      |
|  4  | Jewelry            |
|  5  | Key                |
|  6  | Letter             |
|  7  | Magic herbs        |
|  8  | Map                |
|  9  | Monster Parts      |
| 10  | Secret message     |
| 11  | Signet or insignia |
| 12  | Tome               |

</div>

\pagebreak

# NPC Negotiation DCs

| Bonus | Relationship |
|:-------------:|:------------:|
| +0            | Nemesis      |
| +10           | Hostile      |
| +15           | Averse       |
| +20           | Indifferent  |
| +25           | Sympathetic  |
| +30           | Friendly     |
| +40           | Allied       |

| Threshold | Effect                                          |
|:--:|:-------------------------------------------------:|
| 10 | No, and extra bane(s)
| 20 | No, simple refusal
| 30 | No, with reservations
| 40 | Yes, but there's a catch
| 50 | Yes, it is agreed
| 60 | Yes, and extra boon(s)

</div>

\columnbreak

#### Source Reference
| Page     | Resource         |
|:--------:|:-----------------|
| DMG   89 | Creating NPCs
| DMG   73 | Goals
| DMG   94 | Villains
| XGtE 123 | Rivals
| DMG  128 | Downtime
| XGtE 125 | Downtime Revisited

#### Mannerisms
| d10| When Calm |
|:--:|:------------------|
|  1 | Cheerful
|  2 | Eager
|  3 | Thoughtful
|  4 | Sophisticated
|  5 | Carefree
|  6 | Manipulative
|  9 | Mischievous
| 10 | Dour

| d10| When Stressed |
|:--:|:-------------------|
|  1 | Withdrawn
|  2 | Obsessive
|  3 | Belligerent
|  4 | Argumentative
|  5 | Sarcastic
|  6 | Pushy
|  7 | Secretive
|  8 | Calculating
|  9 | Angry
| 10 | Fanatical

#### Approach to Conflict
| d10| Personality Trait |
|:--:|:-----------------|
| 1  | **Cowardly.** Will surrender
| 2  | **Mercenary.** Can be bribed
| 3  | **Bravado.** Blusters and boasts
| 4  | **Fanatic.** Prepared to die
| 5  | **Rabble.** Poor discipline
| 6  | **Courageous.** Stands their ground
| 7  | **Joker.** Taunts the enemy
| 8  | **Hubris.** Believes they can't lose

#### Peer Relationships
| d8 | Relationship |
|:--:|:-----------------|
| 1 | **Rival.** Wants an ally to suffer
| 2 | **Abused.** Will turncoat
| 3 | **Idolized.** Allies will die for them
| 4 | **Outcast.** Ignored by allies
| 5 | **Reclusive.** Stand-offish
| 6 | **Selfish.** Only cares for self
| 7 | **Bully.** Allies will betray them
| 8 | **Comrades.** Mutual trust / humor

#### Assets Held or Desired
| d6 | Asset |
|:--:|:-----------------|
| 1  | **Treasure.** Money, gems, art.
| 2  | **Influence.** Reputed, connected.
| 3  | **Knowledge.** Lore, insight, wisdom.
| 4  | **Land.** Subjects, resources, locales.
| 5  | **Skills.** Arts, crafts, trained or gained
| 6  | **Magic.** Powers, items, lore.

</div>

\pagebreak

## Group Politics and Policies

| Mandate       | Ethos             | d8 |
|:-------------:|:-----------------:|:--:|
| Sovereignty   | **Authoritarian** | 1  | 
| Seclusion     | **Xenophobic**    | 2  | 
| Compromise    | **Pacifist**      | 3  | 
| Transcendence | **Spiritualist**  | 4  |

| d8  | Opposing Ethos  | Mandate |
|:---:|:---------------:|:-------:|
|  5  | **Egalitarian** | Liberation
|  6  | **Xenophilic**  | Communion
|  7  | **Militarist**  | Conquest
|  8  | **Materialist** | Acquisition
</div>

| d8  | Objective   |
|:---:|:-----------:|
|  1  | **Commerce.** Money, trade, services.
|  2  | **Industry.** Resources, production.
|  3  | **Territory.** Claims, borders, enclaves.
|  4  | **Technology.** Physical, magical. 
|  5  | **Prestige.** Respect, legitimacy. 
|  6  | **Religion.** Churches, cults, sects.
|  7  | **Culture.** Races, ethnicities.
|  8  | **Manpower.** Slaves, workers, artisans, sailors, soldiers.

| d8  | Method |
|:---:|:-----------:|
|  1  | **Enforcement.** Overt, direct action.
|  2  | **Espionage.** Covert, indirect, select.
|  3  | **Crime.** Illicit, duplicitous, amoral.
|  4  | **Harmony.** Willing cooperation.
|  5  | **Propaganda.** Emotive media campaigns for popular support.
|  6  | **Sabotage.** Reduced opposition.
|  7  | **Superiority.** Quality improvement.
|  8  | **Discovery.** Explore, experiment.

</div>

### Source Reference
| Page     | Resource         |
|:--------:|:-----------------|
| DMG  112 | Rolling Settlements
| DMG  113 | Rolling Buildings
| DMG   73 | Adventure Goals
| DMG   79 | Framing Events
| DMG  302 | Creatures by Biome
| XGtE  92 | Encounters by Biome
| MToF  34 | Rolling Cults

### Sudden Twists
| d8  | Method |
|:---:|:-----------:|
|  1  | (N)PC seen with item
|  2  | NPC gives information
|  3  | Captive (N)PC(s)
|  4  | Ally gone missing
|  6  | Nature calls
|  7  | Glimpse of the future
|  8  | Enemy/ally/competitor appears

</div>

\columnbreak

## Probability Distribution of 4d6-4

### Two-Die Distributions

| Peaks | Values | Dice       | Peak Range |
|:-----:|:------:|:----------:|:----------:|
| 1     |  7     |  d4 + d4   | [5]        | 
| 1     | 11     |  d6 + d6   | [7]        |
| 1     | 15     |  d8 + d8   | [9]        |
| 1     | 19     | d10 + d10  | [11]       |
| 1     | 23     | d12 + d12  | [13]       |
| 1     | 39     | d20 + d20  | [21]       |
| 3     |  9     |  d4 + d6   | [5, 7]     |
| 3     | 13     |  d6 + d8   | [7, 9]     |
| 3     | 17     |  d8 + d10  | [9, 11]    |
| 3     | 21     | d10 + d12  | [11, 13]   |
| 5     | 11     |  d4 + d8   | [5, 9]     |
| 5     | 19     |  d8 + d12  | [9, 13]    |
| 7     | 13     |  d4 + d10  | [5, 11]    |
| 9     | 15     |  d4 + d12  | [5, 13]    |
| 9     | 31     | d12 + d20  | [13, 31]   |
| 7     | 17     |  d6 + d12  | [7, 13]    |
| 17    | 23     |  d4 + d20  | [5, 21]    |
| M-N+1 | N+M-1  |  dN + dM   | [N+1, M+1] |

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